User blog comment:Pattern in Chaos/100 turn battle?/@comment-24795487-20140409161405/@comment-24088226-20140409221117

Someone posted some fairly accurate estimates of the damage formula, I think it was Nevermore? While the temples and other passive bonuses do help, it takes a lot for it to be noticable. For example a max attack HSR critter deals ~600k damage with a single 200% buff, but that can go up to 880k with +60% from 2x temples and a battle potion. Part of the issue is with the way attack buffs stacks, passive buffs stack cumulatively, while active buffs (Lilim, Himiko, ect.) stack multiplicatively.

Also there's a random factor, I think It's +-7% or something like that.